Make HTTPS / HTTP Request in Android

In this tutorial we will learn how to make HTTP and HTTPS Request. For HTTPS Request we must have signed Certificate. Here I will show the demo of HTTPS but you can use this code for HTTP also.

Download Source Code DOWNLOAD

Project Hierarchy

1. Firstly create a CustomSSLSocketFactory.java class which extends SSLSocketFactory class.

package com.tutorialsface.httpsrequest; import java.io.IOException; import java.net.Socket; import java.net.UnknownHostException; import java.security.KeyManagementException; import java.security.KeyStore; import java.security.KeyStoreException; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; import java.security.UnrecoverableKeyException; import java.security.cert.CertificateException; import java.security.cert.X509Certificate; import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext; import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager; import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager; import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory; public class CustomSSLSocketFactory extends SSLSocketFactory{       SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");       /**        * Generate Certificate for ssl connection        * @param truststore        * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException        * @throws KeyManagementException        * @throws KeyStoreException        * @throws UnrecoverableKeyException        */       public CustomSSLSocketFactory(KeyStore truststore)                   throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException,                   KeyStoreException, UnrecoverableKeyException {             super(truststore);             TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager(){                   @Override                   public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] arg0, String arg1)                               throws CertificateException {                   }                   @Override                   public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,                               String authType) throws CertificateException {                   }                   @Override                   public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {                         return null;                   }             };             sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] {tm}, null);       }             @Override       public Socket createSocket(Socket socket, String host, int port,                   boolean autoClose) throws IOException, UnknownHostException {             return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket(socket, host, port,                         autoClose);       }       @Override       public Socket createSocket() throws IOException {             return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket();       } }

1.1 Secondly create a HTTPUtils.java class which will have function that return HttpClient for HTTP & HTTPS server.

package com.tutorialsface.httpsrequest; import java.security.KeyStore; import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient; import org.apache.http.conn.ClientConnectionManager; import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme; import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.SchemeRegistry; import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient; import org.apache.http.impl.conn.tsccm.ThreadSafeClientConnManager; import org.apache.http.params.BasicHttpParams; import org.apache.http.params.HttpParams; public class HTTPUtils {       /**        * HttpClient        * @param isHTTPS        * @return        */       public static HttpClient getNewHttpClient(boolean isHTTPS) {             try {                   if(!isHTTPS){                         return getNewHttpClient();                   }                   KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());                   trustStore.load(null, null);                   SSLSocketFactory sf = new CustomSSLSocketFactory(trustStore);                   sf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);                   HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();                   SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();                   registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443));                   ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry);                   return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, params);             } catch (Exception e) {                   return null;             }       }       /**        * HttpClient for http request        * @return        */       private static HttpClient getNewHttpClient(){             HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();             return new DefaultHttpClient(params);       } }

2. Now all thing are ready we just need to make a request. For demo purpose I will use google server apis.
i. For GET request we will use-
String REST_SERVER_HTTPS_GET_URI = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=NewDelhi,India";

ii. For POST request we will use-
String REST_SERVER_HTTPS_POST_URI = "https://www.googleapis.com/urlshortener/v1/url";

a) HttpClient httpClient = HTTPUtils.getNewHttpClient(REST_SERVER_HTTPS_POST_URI.startsWith(HTTPS_STRING));
b) URI newURI = URI.create(REST_SERVER_HTTPS_POST_URI);

c) HttpPost postMethod = new HttpPost(newURI);

OR

  HttpGet getMethod = new HttpGet(newURI);

d) For passing data with the request use setEntity. For the above post request link we will send following data-

JSONObject postJSON = new JSONObject();

postJSON.put("longUrl", "http://www.google.com/");

postMethod.setEntity(new StringEntity(postJSON.toString(), HTTP.UTF_8));

postMethod.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");

e) Now execute the httpPost request, and get Response-

HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(postMethod);

2.1 Make a RestClient.java class which will have the request functions.

package com.tutorialsface.httpsrequest; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.net.URI; import org.apache.http.HttpResponse; import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity; import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP; import org.json.JSONObject; public class RestClient {       private static final String HTTPS_STRING = "https";       /**        * https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/geocoding/        * https://developers.google.com/url-shortener/v1/getting_started?csw=1#shorten        */       String REST_SERVER_HTTPS_GET_URI = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=NewDelhi,India";       String REST_SERVER_HTTPS_POST_URI = "https://www.googleapis.com/urlshortener/v1/url";             private RestClient(){       }       private static RestClient instance = null;       public static RestClient getInstance(){             if(instance == null) {                   instance = new RestClient();             }             return instance;       }             public String postRequest() {             String responseString = "";             HttpClient httpClient = HTTPUtils.getNewHttpClient(REST_SERVER_HTTPS_POST_URI.startsWith(HTTPS_STRING));             HttpResponse response = null;             InputStream in;             URI newURI = URI.create(REST_SERVER_HTTPS_POST_URI);             HttpPost postMethod = new HttpPost(newURI);                         try {                   JSONObject postJSON = new JSONObject();                   postJSON.put("longUrl", "http://www.google.com/");                   postMethod.setEntity(new StringEntity(postJSON.toString(), HTTP.UTF_8));                   postMethod.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");                   response = httpClient.execute(postMethod);                   in = response.getEntity().getContent();                   responseString = convertStreamToString(in);             } catch (Exception e) {}             return responseString;       }             public static String convertStreamToString(InputStream is) throws Exception {             BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));             StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();             String line = null;             while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {                   sb.append(line);             }             is.close();             return sb.toString();       }             public String getRequest() {             String responseString = "";             HttpClient httpClient = HTTPUtils.getNewHttpClient(REST_SERVER_HTTPS_GET_URI.startsWith(HTTPS_STRING));             HttpResponse response = null;             InputStream in;             URI newURI = URI.create(REST_SERVER_HTTPS_GET_URI);             HttpGet getMethod = new HttpGet(newURI);             try {                   response = httpClient.execute(getMethod);                   in = response.getEntity().getContent();                   responseString = convertStreamToString(in);             } catch (Exception e) {}             return responseString;       } }

Use this to call the functions of RestClient, and make sure you will call these methods from background thread, otherwise it will hang the UI-

RestClient restClient = RestClient.getInstance();    

restClient.postRequest();

restClient.getRequest();

3. Make a UI in activity_main.xml which will have two buttons one for GET Request and other for POST Request, and a TextView which will show the Response of the Request.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"     android:layout_width="match_parent"     android:layout_height="match_parent"     android:orientation="vertical" >     <Button         android:id="@+id/btnGetRequest"         android:layout_width="fill_parent"         android:layout_height="wrap_content"         android:text="@string/get_request" />     <Button         android:id="@+id/btnPostRequest"         android:layout_width="fill_parent"         android:layout_height="wrap_content"         android:text="@string/post_request" />     <ScrollView         android:layout_width="fill_parent"         android:layout_height="fill_parent" >         <TextView             android:id="@+id/textResponse"             android:layout_width="fill_parent"             android:layout_height="fill_parent"             android:scrollbars="vertical" />     </ScrollView> </LinearLayout>

3.1 Open MainActivity.java and on the click of button call function of RestClient class.

package com.tutorialsface.httpsrequest; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.TextView; public class MainActivity extends Activity{       TextView textResponse;       Button btnGetRequest, btnPostRequest;       RestClient restClient;       @Override       protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {             super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);             setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);             init();       }       private void init() {             getViews();             setListeners();             restClient = RestClient.getInstance();       }       private void getViews() {             btnGetRequest = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnGetRequest);             btnPostRequest = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnPostRequest);             textResponse = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textResponse);       }       private void setListeners() {             btnGetRequest.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {                   @Override                   public void onClick(View v) {                         new Thread(new Runnable() {                               @Override                               public void run() {                                     String response = restClient.getRequest();                                     setText("HTTPS Get Response:-\n" + response);                               }                         }).start();                   }             });             btnPostRequest.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {                   @Override                   public void onClick(View v) {                         new Thread(new Runnable() {                               @Override                               public void run() {                                     String response = restClient.postRequest();                                     setText("HTTPS Post Response:-\n" + response);                               }                         }).start();                   }             });       }             private void setText(final String response) {             MainActivity.this.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {                   @Override                   public void run() {                         textResponse.setText(response);                   }             });       } }

Download Source Code DOWNLOAD